English |
William Shakespeare |
Cicero |
Charles Dickens |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
J. R. R. Tolkien |
Virgil |
Dante Alighieri |
Plutarch |
Voltaire |
Roger Ebert |
Mark Twain |
John Milton |
Edgar Allan Poe |
George Orwell |
Leo Tolstoy |
T. S. Eliot |
Walter Scott |
Robert Christgau |
Ovid |
H. G. Wells |
Ernest Hemingway |
Lord Byron |
Samuel Johnson |
George Bernard Shaw |
Arthur Conan Doyle |
17 (68.0%) |
German |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
William Shakespeare |
Friedrich Schiller |
Cicero |
Bertolt Brecht |
Thomas Mann |
Virgil |
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing |
Heinrich Heine |
Dante Alighieri |
Voltaire |
Plutarch |
Ovid |
Theodor Fontane |
Karl May |
Petrarch |
Gerhart Hauptmann |
Rainer Maria Rilke |
Heinrich von Kleist |
Molière |
Leo Tolstoy |
Günter Grass |
Edgar Allan Poe |
Roger Ebert |
Victor Hugo |
12 (48.0%) |
French |
Victor Hugo |
William Shakespeare |
Voltaire |
Molière |
Cicero |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
Charles Baudelaire |
Alexandre Dumas |
Émile Zola |
Jean de La Fontaine |
Jules Verne |
Ovid |
Plutarch |
Dante Alighieri |
André Malraux |
Virgil |
J. R. R. Tolkien |
François-René de Chateaubriand |
Pierre Corneille |
Jean Racine |
Anton Chekhov |
François Rabelais |
Gustave Flaubert |
Guy de Maupassant |
Louis Aragon |
16 (64.0%) |
Russian |
Alexander Pushkin |
William Shakespeare |
Leo Tolstoy |
Nikolai Gogol |
Anton Chekhov |
Maxim Gorky |
Fyodor Dostoyevsky |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
Voltaire |
Alexander Ostrovsky |
Mikhail Lermontov |
Ivan Turgenev |
Cicero |
Mikhail Bulgakov |
J. R. R. Tolkien |
Vladimir Mayakovsky |
Nikolay Karamzin |
Molière |
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn |
Friedrich Schiller |
Victor Hugo |
Dante Alighieri |
Constantin Stanislavski |
Plutarch |
Lord Byron |
14 (56.0%) |
Italian |
Dante Alighieri |
Cicero |
William Shakespeare |
Virgil |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
Alessandro Manzoni |
Petrarch |
Plutarch |
Gabriele D’Annunzio |
Voltaire |
Ovid |
Victor Hugo |
J. R. R. Tolkien |
Horace |
Giovanni Boccaccio |
Giosuè Carducci |
Giacomo Leopardi |
Pier Paolo Pasolini |
Luigi Pirandello |
Fyodor Dostoyevsky |
Oscar Wilde |
Carlo Goldoni |
Ugo Foscolo |
Leo Tolstoy |
Dario Fo |
16 (64.0%) |
Spanish |
William Shakespeare |
Cicero |
Miguel de Cervantes |
Plutarch |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
Lope de Vega |
J. R. R. Tolkien |
Voltaire |
Dante Alighieri |
Ovid |
Virgil |
Jorge Luis Borges |
Francisco de Quevedo |
Victor Hugo |
Pedro Calderón de la Barca |
Gabriel García Márquez |
Edgar Allan Poe |
Molière |
Fyodor Dostoyevsky |
Pablo Neruda |
Antonio Machado |
Charles Dickens |
Benito Pérez Galdós |
Leo Tolstoy |
Mario Vargas Llosa |
10 (40.0%) |
Portuguese |
William Shakespeare |
Cicero |
Fernando Pessoa |
Vinicius de Moraes |
Luís de Camões |
J. R. R. Tolkien |
Carlos Drummond de Andrade |
Virgil |
Dante Alighieri |
Voltaire |
J. K. Rowling |
José Saramago |
Plutarch |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
José Maria de Eça de Queirós |
Ovid |
Clarice Lispector |
Monteiro Lobato |
Miguel de Cervantes |
Victor Hugo |
Horace |
José de Alencar |
Isaac Asimov |
Bertolt Brecht |
T. S. Eliot |
9 (36.0%) |
Chinese |
William Shakespeare |
Lu Xun |
Cicero |
Li Bai |
Du Fu |
J. R. R. Tolkien |
Qu Yuan |
Voltaire |
Jin Yong |
Victor Hugo |
Bai Juyi |
Dante Alighieri |
Miguel de Cervantes |
Charles Dickens |
Virgil |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
Lord Byron |
Edgar Allan Poe |
Gu Long |
Arthur Conan Doyle |
John Milton |
Sun Tzu |
Jane Austen |
Mark Twain |
Wang Wei (8th-century poet) |
9 (36.0%) |
Persian |
William Shakespeare |
Molière |
Ferdowsi |
Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda |
Mohammad-Taqi Bahar |
Ahmad Shamloo |
Mohammad Moin |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
Leo Tolstoy |
Nizami Ganjavi |
Reinaldo Arenas |
J. D. Salinger |
Ernest Hemingway |
Fyodor Dostoyevsky |
Plutarch |
Will Durant |
Edgar Allan Poe |
J. R. R. Tolkien |
Xenophon |
Isaac Asimov |
Rabindranath Tagore |
William Faulkner |
Mark Twain |
Voltaire |
Sanai |
7 (28.0%) |
Arabic |
William Shakespeare |
Naguib Mahfouz |
Ahmed Shawqi |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
Ernest Hemingway |
Kahlil Gibran |
Edgar Allan Poe |
Al-Maqrizi |
Victor Hugo |
Voltaire |
Cicero |
Charles Dickens |
J. K. Rowling |
Tawfiq al-Hakim |
Lewis Carroll |
Walter Raleigh |
Leo Tolstoy |
Dante Alighieri |
Friedrich Schiller |
Robert Louis Stevenson |
Virgil |
Miguel de Cervantes |
Plutarch |
Rabindranath Tagore |
Nazik Al-Malaika |
6 (24.0%) |
Korean |
William Shakespeare |
J. R. R. Tolkien |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
Yi Kwang-su |
Edgar Allan Poe |
Dante Alighieri |
Charles Dickens |
Victor Hugo |
Leo Tolstoy |
Cicero |
J. K. Rowling |
Anne Frank |
Anton Chekhov |
Ernest Hemingway |
Han Yong-un |
Isaac Asimov |
George Orwell |
Mark Twain |
Émile Zola |
Arthur Conan Doyle |
Voltaire |
Natsume Sōseki |
Hans Christian Andersen |
Fyodor Dostoyevsky |
Philip K. Dick |
2 (8.0%) |
Hungarian |
William Shakespeare |
Sándor Petőfi |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
Cicero |
János Arany |
Attila József |
J. R. R. Tolkien |
Mihály Babits |
Molière |
Virgil |
Friedrich Schiller |
Anton Chekhov |
Bertolt Brecht |
Leo Tolstoy |
Gyula Illyés |
Voltaire |
Thomas Mann |
Dante Alighieri |
László Németh |
George Bernard Shaw |
Victor Hugo |
Alexander Pushkin |
Miklós Radnóti |
Isaac Asimov |
Plutarch |
7 (28.0%) |
Serbo-Croatian |
Isabel Allende |
Mark Twain |
Edgar Allan Poe |
William Shakespeare |
Vjekoslav Klaić |
Cicero |
George Orwell |
Charles Dickens |
Ivo Andrić |
J. D. Salinger |
Dositej Obradović |
Fyodor Dostoyevsky |
James Fenimore Cooper |
Jack London |
Friedrich Schiller |
Herman Melville |
Virgil |
Dante Alighieri |
Saul Bellow |
Lord Byron |
Jane Austen |
Ivan Gundulić |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
Henry James |
Alexander Pushkin |
4 (16.0%) |
Romanian |
Ion Luca Caragiale |
Alexandru Macedonski |
Mihai Eminescu |
William Shakespeare |
Mircea Eliade |
Ion Creangă |
Mihail Sadoveanu |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
Eugène Ionesco |
Duiliu Zamfirescu |
Liviu Rebreanu |
Tudor Arghezi |
Voltaire |
George Călinescu |
J. K. Rowling |
Ștefan Octavian Iosif |
J. R. R. Tolkien |
Ion Heliade Rădulescu |
Dante Alighieri |
Fyodor Dostoyevsky |
George Bacovia |
Plutarch |
Cicero |
Karl May |
Gheorghe Asachi |
15 (60.0%) |
Turkish |
William Shakespeare |
J. R. R. Tolkien |
Cicero |
Fyodor Dostoyevsky |
Dante Alighieri |
Victor Hugo |
Charles Dickens |
Leo Tolstoy |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
Ernest Hemingway |
Voltaire |
Yahya Kemal Beyatlı |
J. K. Rowling |
Anton Chekhov |
Ziya Gökalp |
Jules Verne |
Henry James |
Constantin Stanislavski |
John Steinbeck |
Molière |
Arthur Miller |
Petrarch |
Alexandre Dumas |
Mehmet Akif Ersoy |
William Faulkner |
3 (12.0%) |
mean |
0.4±0.5 (40.0%) |
0.7±0.7 (36.7%) |
1.3±0.9 (44.4%) |
1.8±1.0 (45.0%) |
2.4±1.1 (48.0%) |
2.9±1.4 (48.9%) |
3.4±1.7 (48.6%) |
3.7±1.8 (45.8%) |
4.1±2.0 (45.2%) |
4.4±2.3 (44.0%) |
4.9±2.6 (44.2%) |
5.3±2.6 (43.9%) |
5.4±2.6 (41.5%) |
5.8±2.9 (41.4%) |
6.3±2.7 (42.2%) |
6.7±3.0 (41.7%) |
7.0±3.3 (41.2%) |
7.4±3.6 (41.1%) |
7.8±3.8 (41.1%) |
8.0±3.9 (40.0%) |
8.2±4.1 (39.0%) |
8.7±4.3 (39.4%) |
9.1±4.5 (39.4%) |
9.3±4.6 (38.6%) |
9.8±4.8 (39.2%) |
147 (39.2%) |